بررسی بیان عوامل رونویسیTaWRKY10 ،TaWRKY53 ، NAC2 و P5CS و صفات بیوشیمیایی مرتبط با تنش شوری در ارقام گندم نان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه اصلاح‌نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی گرگان و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح‌نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

10.22034/pgr.2025.2069794.1013
چکیده
گندم یک محصول غذایی حیاتی است، با این حال، تولید آن به‌طور مداوم توسط تنش‌های غیرزیستی به‌ویژه تنش شوری، تهدید می‌شود. درک مکانیسم‌های مولکولی که گندم از طریق آن‌ها به تنش شوری پاسخ می‌دهد، برای توسعه گونه‌های مقاوم به شوری ضروری است. با توجه به نقش مؤثرخانوادههای مهم عوامل رونویسی NAC و WRKY در تقابل با تنشها، میزان بیان سه ژن مهم این خانوادهها از جملهTaWRKY10 ،TaWRKY53 ، NAC2 وP5CS در ارقام کلاته، بهاران گنبد و N9108 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. همچنین میزان کلروفیل و شاخص سطح اکسیداسیون سلولی در این پژوهش مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. آزمایش به‌صورت کرتهای خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار اجرا گردید. تیمار شوری با اعمال آب آبیاری پس از جوانه‌زنی و استقرار گیاهان (مرحله 34 زادوکس) اعمال گردید. پس از رسیدن گیاهان به مرحله ساقه‌دهی نمونه‌برداری جهت ارزیابی بیان ژن و صفات بیوشیمیایی انجام شد. بیان ژن‌ها با استفاده از فناوری qRT-PCR مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج تجزیه واریانس دادهها نشان داد که اثر متقابل تنش شوری × رقم در صفات محتوای کروفیل a میزان مالون‌دی‌آلدئید در سطح یک درصد و برای صفات میزان کلروفیل b در سطح 5 درصد معنی‌دار شد. همچنین تجزیه و تحلیل بیان ژنها نشان داد که ژن TaWRKY10 با 5/1 برابر بیشتر نسبت به شاهد تحت تیمار 9 دسی زیمنس شوری در رقم کلاته بیشترین مقدار بیان و ژن  NAC2 با 15 برابر افزایش بیان نسبت به شاهد تحت تیمار 12 دسی‌زیمنس شوری در رقم کلاته داشتند. ژن P5CS نیز تحت تنش شوری روند افزایشی با افزایش سطح تنش شوری نشان داد که بیشترین مقدار آن در رقم کلاته 34/16 برابر نسبت به شاهد تحت تیمار 12 دسی زیمنس شوری بدست آمد. نتایج بیان ژن نشان داد که افزایش سطح شوری موجب القای معنی‌دار ژن‌های مرتبط با پاسخ به تنش از جمله TaWRKY10،NAC2  و P5CS به‌ویژه در رقم کلاته شد که بیانگر نقش کلیدی این ژن‌ها در سازوکارهای تحمل به تنش شوری است. افزایش چشمگیر بیان این ژن‌ها، به‌خصوص در سطوح بالاتر شوری، می‌تواند به‌عنوان شاخص مولکولی مناسبی در برنامه‌های به‌نژادی و انتخاب ارقام متحمل به شوری مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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