Abdul-Khaliq, G.M. and Alam, M. (2002). Biotechnological Approaches for Mass Produc‐tion of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Current Scenario and Future Strategies. Techniques in Mycorrhizal Studies, Springer Netherlands: 299-312. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3209-3_16
Ahmad, J., Khan, I., Blundell, R., Azzopardi, J. and Mahomoodally, M.F. (2020). Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni.: an updated review of its health benefits, industrial applications and safety. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 100: 177-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2020.04.030
Campbell, R., Freitag, S., Bryan, G.J., Stewart, D. and Taylor, M.A. (2016). Environmental and genetic factors associated with solanesol accumulation in potato leaves. Frontiers in Plant Science, 7: 1263. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.01263
El-Housini, E.A., Ahmed, M., Hassanein, M. and Tawfik, M. (2014). Effect of salicylic acid (SA) on growth and quality of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.) under salt stress. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences CABI Databases, 14: 275-281 ref. 34.
Eslahi, N., Kowsari, M., Motallebi, M., Zamani, M.R. and Akbari, S. (2025). Evaluation of Effect of Improved Trichoderma inocula on Flowering and Crop Productivity of Bean. Plant Genetic Research, 6(1), 47-54 (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.29252/pgr.6.1.47
Estévez, J.M., Cantero, A., Reindl, A., Reichler, S. and León, P. (2001). 1-Deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase, a limiting enzyme for plastidic isoprenoid biosynthesis in plants. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 276: 22901-22909. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M100854200
Fallah, F., Nokhasi, F., Ghaheri, M., Kahrizi, D., Agha, A.B.A., Ghorbani, T., Kazemi, E. and Ansarypour, Z. (2017). Effect of salinity on gene expression, morphological and biochemical characteristics of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni under in vitro conditions. Cellular and Molecular Biology, 63: 102-106. https://doi.org/10.14715/cmb/2017.63.7.17
Ghaheri, M., Kahrizi, D., Bahrami, G. and Mohammadi-Motlagh, H.-R. (2019). Study of gene expression and steviol glycosides accumulation in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni under various mannitol concentrations. Molecular Biology Reports, 46: 7-16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-018-4250-4
Gill, S.S., Gill, R., Trivedi, D.K., Anjum, N.A., Sharma, K.K., Ansari, M.W., Ansari, A.A., Johri, A.K., Prasad, R. and Pereira, E. (2016). Piriformospora indica: potential and significance in plant stress tolerance. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7: 332. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00332
Goyal, S., Samsher, N. and Goyal, R. (2010). Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) a bio-sweetener: a review. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 61: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3109/09637480903193049
Hajipoor Bagheri, A., Mahdi Sohani, M., Hassani, S.H., Babaiezad, V. and Alavi, S.M. (2015). Symbiotic effect of endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica with rice (Oryza sativa) on resistance against Bakanae disease. Cereal Research, 5: 219-230 (In Persian).
He, Y., Yan, Z., Du, Y., Ma, Y. and Shen, S. (2017). Molecular cloning and expression analysis of two key genes, HDS and HDR, in the MEP pathway in Pyropia haitanensis. Scientific Reports, 7: 17499. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-17521-9
Herz, S., Wungsintaweekul, J., Schuhr, C.A., Hecht, S., Lüttgen, H., Sagner, S., Fellermeier, M., Eisenreich, W., Zenk, M.H. and Bacher, A. (2000). Biosynthesis of terpenoids: YgbB protein converts 4-diphosphocytidyl-2C-methyl-D-erythritol 2-phosphate to 2C-methyl-D-erythritol 2, 4-cyclodiphosphate. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 97: 2486-2490. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.040554697
Khalvandi, M., Amerian, M., Pirdashti, H., Baradaran- Firouzabadi, M. and Gholami, A. (2017). ffects of Piriformospora indica fungi symbiotic on the quantity of essential oil and some physiological parameters of peppermint in saline conditions. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology, 32: 1-20 (In Persian).
Kumar, H., Kaul, K., Bajpai-Gupta, S., Kaul, V.K. and Kumar, S. (2012). A comprehensive analysis of fifteen genes of steviol glycosides biosynthesis pathway in Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni). Gene, 492: 276-284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2011.10.015
Livak, K.J. and Schmittgen, T.D. (2001). Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2−ΔΔCT method. Methods, 25: 402-408. https://doi.org/10.1006/meth.2001.1262
Ma, D., Li, G., Zhu, Y. and Xie, D.-Y. (2017). Overexpression and suppression of Artemisia annua 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase 1 gene (AaHDR1) differentially regulate artemisinin and terpenoid biosynthesis. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8: 77. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00077
Mirzaei, A., Kavoosi, G., Dezhsetan, S. and Behnamian, M. (2022). Metal oxides as a biostimulator for upregulation of genes involved in the biosynthesis of Rebaudioside A. Available at SSRN 4096363. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4096363
Modi, A., Litoriya, N., Prajapati, V., Rafalia, R. and Narayanan, S. (2014). Transcriptional profiling of genes involved in steviol glycoside biosynthesis in Stevia rebaudiana bertoni during plant hardening. Developmental Dynamics, 243: 1067-1073. https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.24157
Moradi Peynevandi, K., Sharifi, M. and Behmanesh, M. (2014). Effects of methyl jasmonate, on stevioside and rebaudioside A content and expression of the ent-Kaurenoic acid 13-hydroxylase gene in Stevia rebaudiana Bert. in vitro. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology, 21: 99-110 (In Persian).
Narayanasamy, P., Eoh, H., Brennan, P.J. and Crick, D.C. (2010). Synthesis of 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2-phosphate and kinetic studies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis IspF. Chemistry & Biology, 17: 117-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chembiol.2010.01.013
Noormohammadi, N., Ismaili, A., Sobhani Najafabadi, A. and Nazarian-Firouzabadi, F. (2023). Transcriptional responses of hypericin and hyperforin to methyl jasmonate elicitation in Hypericum perforatum. Plant Biotechnology Reports, 17: 229-241. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11816-022-00794-6
Okada, A., Shimizu, T., Okada, K., Kuzuyama, T., Koga, J., Shibuya, N., Nojiri, H. and Yamane, H. (2007). Elicitor induced activation of the methylerythritol phosphate pathway toward phytoalexins biosynthesis in rice. Plant Molecular Biology, 65: 177-187. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-007-9207-2
Peteliuk, V., Rybchuk, L., Bayliak, M., Storey, K.B. and Lushchak, O. (2021). Natural sweetener Stevia rebaudiana: Functionalities, health benefits and potential risks. EXCLI Journal, 20: 1412.
Pfaffl, M.W., Horgan, G.W. and Dempfle, L. (2002). Relative expression software tool (REST©) for group-wise comparison and statistical analysis of relative expression results in real-time PCR. Nucleic Acids Research, 30: e36-e36. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/30.9.e36
Rahmani, A.F., Sakandari, M.N., Mirzaei, A. and Uçar, E. (2024). Investigating the Physiological Responses and the Expression of Effective Genes in Steviol Glycosides Production in Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana). Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 4: 126-133.
Raina, R., Bhandari, S.K., Chand, R. and Sharma, Y. (2013). Strategies to improve poor seed germination in Stevia rebaudiana, a low calorie sweetener. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 7: 1793-1799.
Salami-Tamali, N., Pirdashti, H., Yaghoubian, Y. and Ghasemi-omran, V. (2019). Response of morphophysiological parameters and antioxidants system of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) medicinal plant to inoculation of Piriformospora indica under cadmium stress. Journal of Plant Process and Function, 8: 85-101 (In Persian).
Samandari-Bahraseman, M.R., Hajibarati, M., Khorsand, B., Soltani, N., Esmaeilzadeh-Salestani, K. and Loit, E. (2025). Deciphering the biosynthesis pathway of gamma terpinene cuminaldehyde and para cymene in the fruit of Bunium persicum. Scientific Reports, 15: 22438. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05415-0
Sardesai, V.M. and Waldshan, T.H. (1991). Natural and synthetic intense sweeteners. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 2: 236-244. https://doi.org/10.1016/0955-2863(91)90081-F
Seraj, F., Pirdashti, H., Yaghoubian, Y. and Ghasemi-omran, V. (2016). The effect of Piriformospora indica inoculation on salt and drought stress tolerance in Stevia Rebaudiana under in vitro conditions. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology, 8: 1-20 (In Persian).
Singh, G., Singh, G., Singh, P., Parmar, R., Paul, N., Vashist, R., Swarnkar, M.K., Kumar, A., Singh, S. and Singh, A.K. (2017). Molecular dissection of transcriptional reprogramming of steviol glycosides synthesis in leaf tissue during developmental phase transitions in Stevia rebaudiana Bert. Scientific Reports, 7: 11835. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-12025-y
Soltani Howyzeh, M., Sadat Noori, S.A., Shariati J, V. and Amiripour, M. (2018). Comparative transcriptome analysis to identify putative genes involved in thymol biosynthesis pathway in medicinal plant Trachyspermum ammi L. Scientific Reports, 8: 13405. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-31618-9
Soltani, N., Firouzabadi, F.N., Shafeinia, A., Shirali, M. and Sadr, A.S. (2021). Expression analysis of some genes involved in Terpenoid Indole Alkaloids pathway in periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) following foliar application of salicylic acid. Modern Genetics Journal, 16: 25-32 (In Persian).
Soltani, N., Firouzabadi, F.N., Shafeinia, A., Shirali, M. and Sadr, A.S. (2022). De Novo transcriptome assembly and differential expression analysis of Catharanthus roseus in response to salicylic acid. Scientific Reports, 12: 17803. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-20314-4
Soltani, N., Nazarian-Firouzabadi, F., Shafeinia, A., Sadr, A.S. and Shirali, M. (2020). The expression of Terpenoid Indole Alkaloid (TIAs) pathway genes in Catharanthus roseus in response to salicylic acid treatment. Molecular Biology Reports, 47: 7009-7016. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-05759-y
Vierheilig, H., Coughlan, A.P., Wyss, U. and Piché, Y. (1998). Ink and vinegar, a simple staining technique for arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 64: 5004-5007. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.64.12.5004-5007.1998
Waller, F., Achatz, B., Baltruschat, H., Fodor, J., Becker, K., Fischer, M., Heier, T., Hückelhoven, R., Neumann, C. and Von Wettstein, D. (2005). The endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica reprograms barley to salt-stress tolerance, disease resistance, and higher yield. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102: 13386-13391. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0504423102
Yadav, A.K., Singh, S., Dhyani, D. and Ahuja, P.S. (2011). A review on the improvement of stevia [Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni)]. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 91: 1-27. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps10086
Yaghoubian, Y., Goltapeh, E.M., Pirdashti, H., Esfandiari, E., Feiziasl, V., Dolatabadi, H.K., Varma, A. and Hassim, M.H. (2014). Effect of Glomus mosseae and Piriformospora indica on growth and antioxidant defense responses of wheat plants under drought stress. Agricultural Research, 3: 239-245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40003-014-0114-x
Yan, N., Liu, Y., Zhang, H., Du, Y., Liu, X. and Zhang, Z. (2017). Solanesol biosynthesis in plants. Molecules, 22: 510. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22040510
Yang, D., Ma, P., Liang, X., Wei, Z., Liang, Z., Liu, Y. and Liu, F. (2012). PEG and ABA trigger methyl jasmonate accumulation to induce the MEP pathway and increase tanshinone production in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots. Physiologia Plantarum, 146: 173-183. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.2012.01603.x
Yousefi, F., Mashhadi, A.A., Lotfi Jalal Abadi, A., Shafeinia, A., Jalily, S. and Soltani, N. (2025). Evaluation of the expression pattern of TIAs pathway genes in response to tryptophan amino acid treatment and drought stress in Catharanthus roseus. PLoS One, 20: e0333313. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0333313
Zare Hoseini, R., Mohammadi-Goltapeh, E., Kalatejari, S. and Dehghani Mashkani, M. (2015). Effect of vermicompost and fungi inoculation on growth characteristics and steviosid content of Stevia rebaudiana Bert. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 14: 179-188 (In Persian).
Zolfaghari, M., Nazeri, V., Sefidkon, F. and Rejali, F. (2013). Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plant growth and essential oil content and composition of Ocimum basilicum L. Iranian Journal of Plant Physiology, 3: 650-643.
