از آمادگی سلولی تا پاسخ هوشمند: سازوکار‌های مولکولی تمایز ارقام متحمل و حساس نخل خرما در برابر خشکیدگی برگ

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

10.22034/pgr.2025.2070113.1015
چکیده
در سال‌های اخیر، عارضه خشکیدگی برگ در نخل خرما (Phoenix dactylifera L.) به‌ویژه در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک ایران، خسارات قابل‌توجهی به باغات وارد کرده است. با این حال، مکانیسم‌های مولکولی دخیل در این پدیده هنوز به‌طور کامل شناخته نشده‌اند. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی الگوی بیان هفت ژن کلیدی مرتبط با پاسخ به تنش‌های زیستی و غیرزیستی (OSCA1، FERONIA، FLS2، CERK1، HTK، UVR8  و COLD1) در سه رقم نخل خرما (استعمران، برحی و حلاوی) با و بدون علایم خشکیدگی برگ انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که ارقام متحمل (استعمران و حلاوی) در شرایط عادی، بیان بالاتری از ژن‌های OSCA1، FLS2 و  HTKدارند که ممکن است نشان‌دهنده یک سیستم «پیش‌فعال‌سازی دفاعی» باشد. در مقابل، در شرایط تنش، بیان ژن‌های FERONIA و CERK1 به‌طور معنی‌داری در ارقام متحمل افزایش یافت که حاکی از فعال‌سازی هوشمندانه سیستم ایمنی است. در رقم حساس (برحی)، کاهش بیان OSCA1 و  HTKو افزایش غیرمنظم UVR8 با ناتوانی در حفظ تعادل یونی و آبی همراه بود. این یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهند که تحمل به خشکیدگی برگ نتیجه یک سیستم دفاعی چندمرحله‌ای و مختص رقم است که در آن هماهنگی بین پاسخ‌های پیش از تنش و در حین تنش نقش کلیدی ایفا می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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